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Construction of a water treatment plant and sewer system for the Guaqui town, Department of La Paz / Municipality of Guaqui

Vue d'ensemble

Informations Générales

Auteur

Roberto Méndez

Dernière mise à jour

juin 2018

Objectif général

Improve the current living conditions of Guaqui´s inhabitants through the implementation of an appropriate sewage system, benefiting the overall population

Pays

  • Bolivie

Budget

Bs. 7'000'000 (approximately USD 1'000'000)

Durée de l’activité

September 2016 - July 2017 (approximately 10 months)

Sommaire

Description

Due to the absence of a sewage treatment plant in the Guaqui town, wastewater is discharged directly to Lake Titicaca, causing serious water pollution. Through the construction of a sewage treatment plant, the water pollution will be reduced along with an improvement of the living conditions of the local population. As a result of frequent lake level flucuations, however, the sewage treatment plant might suffer negative impacts from flooding. In addition, frosts during the cold winter months can affect the plant's components such as (i) the sewage collection system and inspection chambers, (ii) emissary, (iii) pumping chamber, (iv) pressure pipe, (v) treatment plant, and (vi) infiltration ditches.

Termes clés

  • Wastewater treatment system
  • sewage collection system
  • emissary
  • water pumps
  • lake contamination
  • Bolivia
  • Floods
  • frosts

Secteurs d’intervention

  • Santé
  • Tourisme
  • Eau et assainissement

Documents

Images

  • Project_LocationProject_Location
  • General_project_dataGeneral_project_data
  • LocationLocation
  • Coverage and extensionCoverage and extension
  • ComponentsComponents
  • Flood mapFlood map
  • Components and flood mapComponents and flood map
  • Hazard map - FrostsHazard map - Frosts
  • Guaqui picturesGuaqui pictures
  • InfrastructureInfrastructure
  • InfrastructureInfrastructure

Perspective des risques

Aléas naturels (hydro-météorologiques et géologiques)

Nom de l'aléa

Inondations

Conséquence

Due to extreme lake level fluctuations, the plant's components could be damaged and filled with sediments. The service would be interrupted. This happens in average every 15 years.

Gravité

Très nuisible

Vulnérabilités

Disconnected communities, increased pressure on soils and water resources, fragile incomes, relationship between municipality and Risk Management Unit, additional health risks

Probabilité

Probable

Importance

Risque élevé

Risque sélectionné

Oui
Mesure potentielle Capacity building in DRR for local communities
Valeur (optionnel) 3.40
Commentaires The local community has no experience in DRR and should be included in the steering mechanisms (social control)

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui
Mesure potentielle Strengthen operation and maintainance
Valeur (optionnel) 3.20
Commentaires DRR-related aspects were not considered for plant's operation and management

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui
Mesure potentielle Early warning system
Valeur (optionnel) 2.00
Commentaires It is vital to observe the lake level fluctuations as well as the river discharge

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui
Mesure potentielle It is vital to observe the lake level fluctuations as well as the river discharge
Valeur (optionnel) 2.20
Commentaires Dykes to protect the plant's components

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui
Mesure potentielle Reduction of river discharge (river deviation)
Valeur (optionnel) 1.60
Commentaires Consider structural measures that permit the diversion of inflowing river water

Conséquence

Due to flood events, the equipment can not be used and/or broken parts have to be replaced

Gravité

Très nuisible

Vulnérabilités

Skills: weak technical knowledge, replacement of spare parts, unsufficient access to credits and insurance solutions, lack of ownership of the municipality, emerging local markets and trade

Probabilité

Probable

Importance

Risque élevé

Risque sélectionné

Oui
Mesure potentielle Use of water-resistant, robust equipment
Valeur (optionnel) 1.80
Commentaires Consider extreme events

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui
Mesure potentielle Risk transfer measures (insurance solutions)
Valeur (optionnel) 2.20
Commentaires Taking into account the socio-economic situation of the municipality and the local population, a insurance solution could be appropriate

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui

Conséquence

During a flood event, the wastewater could contaminate the river water and cause health problems for the local population. Due to the topography, contaminated water would flow into the lake and not to the urban zone.

Gravité

Peu nuisible

Vulnérabilités

Health: health education, social hygiene, health stations, health networks, unprotected water sources, precarious health situation

Probabilité

Probable

Importance

Risque faible

Nom de l'aléa

Froids extrêmes

Conséquence

Malfunction of the plant and drastic efficiency reduction of the oxidation basins. 90 to 180 days per year with frosts, 3835m a.s.l., average temperatures of 4°C , minimum temperatures -10°C (on average every 2 years)

Gravité

Nuisible

Vulnérabilités

Operation and efficiency: communities with respiratory infections, lack of maintainance, low technical capacity, frequent interruption of service

Probabilité

Probable

Importance

Risque moyen

Risque sélectionné

Oui
Mesure potentielle Change to appropriate materials
Valeur (optionnel) 2.40
Commentaires Identify materials that support extreme cold temperatures

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui
Mesure potentielle Heating system
Valeur (optionnel) 1.40
Commentaires Identify a technical solution that allows the plant's operation within the material's optimal temperature range (e.g. heating system)

Adapter le projet

Perspective des impacts

Impacts sur l’environnement

Élément du projet

Water treatment plant (oxidation basins) and pumping chamber

Impact négatif potentiel

Bad odors could disturb the surrounding population

Importance Worsening of the quality of life for the local population and related health issues

Impact sélectionné

Oui
Mesure potentielle Artificial cover of the oxidation basins
Valeur (optionnel) 2.00
Commentaires Prevents odor emissions

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui

Élément du projet

Location of the water treatment plant

Impact négatif potentiel

Landscape changes due to the different construction sites

Importance The water treatment plant could have an negative impact on the number of tourists visiting the Lake Titicaca region

Impact sélectionné

Oui
Mesure potentielle Land use plan
Valeur (optionnel) 3.60
Commentaires The water treatment plant can be included in the plan as an element which improves the quality of stay for tourists

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui
Mesure potentielle Change of technology
Valeur (optionnel) 1.20
Commentaires It would mean substantial changes in the design of the project

Impact négatif potentiel

The system will require large areas for construction

Importance The project could have an negative influence on local environmental planning and increase the need for additional human ressources of the Guaqui Municipality

Impacts sur les risques de catastrophe

Élément du projet

Water treatment plant (oxidation basins)

Impact négatif potentiel

New settlements around the plant in the future

Importance Structural measures to protect the plant (e.g. through dams) could attract people and lead to new settlements in flood-prone areas

Impact sélectionné

Oui
Mesure potentielle Security strips
Valeur (optionnel) 3.20
Commentaires To be included in the territorial plans

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui
Mesure potentielle Purchase of land in surroundings
Valeur (optionnel) 1.20
Commentaires Acquisition of land to avoid new settlements in flood-prone areas

Impact négatif potentiel

Exposure of the Guaqui´s local population to greater risks from natural hazards and increase of vulnerability

Importance The planned structural protection measures could lead of a shift of risks more towards the urban areas. Scientific studies estimate a medium risk for this development.

Impacts sur le climat

Élément du projet

Water treatment plant (oxidation basins)

Impact négatif potentiel

Greenhouse gas emissions from the oxidation basins

Importance Taking into account the seize of the water treatment plant, high levels of GHG emissions can be expected. Even higher emissions are possible during a malfunction of the system

Impact sélectionné

Oui
Mesure potentielle Artificial cover of the oxidation basins
Valeur (optionnel) 2.20
Commentaires Storage of gases and burning with appropriate technology

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui
Mesure potentielle Carbon sinks (afforestation)
Valeur (optionnel) 1.20
Commentaires Reforestation to compensate for GHG emissions

Impact négatif potentiel

Emission of additional other gases by the water treatment system

Importance According to studies, the risk of problems arising from additional gas emissions is low in our stuy area.

Élément du projet

Power systems of the plant

Impact négatif potentiel

The generators of the different pumping systems run with diesel causing high emissions of GHG and black carbon

Importance Taking into account the plant's increasing utlization (close to its limits), the pumping hours will increase in the future along with emissions of GHG and black carbon

Impact sélectionné

Oui
Mesure potentielle Use of alternative energies, energy generation through burning trapped gases from the oxidation basins
Valeur (optionnel) 1.60
Commentaires Strong winds in the study area (high potential for wind energy), and solar power

Mesure sélectionnée

Oui
Mesure potentielle Connection to the national power supply system
Valeur (optionnel) 1.20
Commentaires This measure would imply the installation power supply lines over long distances

Adapter le projet